Bulgaria was under the Turkish Empire for almost five centuries. The Turkish army was defeated during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78. Bulgaria then saw the Balkan Wars in 1912–13 followed by the First World War (joined the Axis Powers). The Republic of Bulgaria was formed in the 1990. It became a member of NATO in the year 2004.

Bulgarian music is internationally acclaimed. Regional music styles are an important part of celebrations, festivals and marriages. There are also numerous forms folk dances that form a part of the Bulgarian culture. Besides the forms folk dance and music there is there are some popular forms as well like rock and metal, reggae, rap and so forth.

Bulgaria is located in the south-eastern Europe bordering the Black Sea. It shares its land boundaries with Romania, Greece and Turkey. This country has mostly mountainous terrain. However, there are also a few Alpine snow-capped peaks and lowlands which gives it a picturesque landscape. Musala, with a height of 2,925 metres, is the highest point in the country.